How many types of wires are there ?

Electrical wires are an important device responsible for transmitting electric current through electrical appliances or devices to allow them to be used normally. To facilitate daily life Because if there is a lack of electrical energy You can imagine, right? How much of a hardship this will add to us? There was no light. in hot weather and cannot use communication devices anymore.

But even then, not all types of wires can be used. Because the electric current has both low and high levels. It is very important to consider choosing the right type of wire to prevent fires from short circuits and wire fire. Let's take a look at how many types of wires there are. And what type of use is each type suitable for?

Get to know wiring components

1. Electrical conductor

Serves to send electrical signals through. They are mostly made of silver, copper, and aluminum. with low electrical resistance and high electrical conductivity Let's take a look at what properties each material has.

Silver : is the best conductor of electricity. But there may be uneven distribution of electric current. Especially with electrical conductivity in high frequency currents. And because silver is quite expensive, it is not commonly used as an electrical conductor in general home wiring. But it is used for industrial wires that carry high current.
Copper : This is the most commonly used metal to conduct electricity. Because it has the second highest electrical conductivity after silver. It also conducts heat well. It is strong and bendable without being brittle or easily broken. Most commonly used for electrical work that must be installed inside buildings. houses and underground
Aluminum : has lower electrical conductivity than copper, is cheap, but is more brittle and easier to break. Suitable for use as a conductor for electrical wires on above-ground electrical poles that must be routed over long distances.

2. Insulation

Insulators function to prevent electric current from flowing through. The materials used for insulation are mostly made from plastic polymers or rubber that have heat-resistant properties, such as Polyvinyl Chloride, which prevents liquids from passing through to dangerous parts. Reduce the risk of electrical leakage and short circuit problems.

3. Sheath

The outer shell is made of plastic polymer which is the outermost layer of the electrical wires or wires that we hold together. Serves to prevent damage to electrical wires, whether scratching, being pressed Weather and corrosion from various environments

Types of "electrical wires" Knowing them won't cause any damage.

To make it easier for everyone to understand We would like to classify wires into 2 main types:

1. Low voltage wires

It is a wire that is mostly made of copper or aluminum. And it is a wire that will be used with a voltage not exceeding 750 volts. The nature of the wires is that if it is small, it will be a single conductor and a large wires will be a stranded conductor. There are 5 types of low voltage wires that people commonly use:

VAF type wires : This is a type of wires that is very popular in Thailand for use in general homes. Each wire will have insulation. And there is another layer of insulating shell on the outside. Can withstand a voltage of 300 volts. Available in both single wire, double wire and ground wires with 2 cores and 3 cores, but can only be used with 1 phase systems. Do not use with 3 phase electrical systems because 380 volts, which is more than this type of wire can handle. It has the characteristics of being used as a wall-mounted cable. Walk in the cable channel in a dry location. And do not walk directly into the ground.
THW type wires : It is a wires that can withstand a voltage of 750 volts. It has hundreds of copper conductor cores made into one large wire. Popularly used in industrial plants Because it uses a 3-phase electrical circuit and should be used in floating form with a mount made of insulating material. Walking in the wiring channel Or walk in a pipe buried in the ground to prevent water from seeping into the pipe. and should not be buried directly in the ground
VCT type wires : This type of electrical wire is made up of tiny copper wires, making it flexible and resistant to vibration. Can withstand pressure of 750 volts. Available in 1 core, 2 core, 3 core, and 4 core types. Suitable for use as electrical wires connected to machines that vibrate during use. The installation of electrical wires is a general installation. and can also run pipes buried in the ground or can be buried directly in the ground
NYY type wires : It is a round type of electrical wire that is widely used. Can withstand a voltage of 750 volts because it is a cable with another layer of sheath. Therefore, it helps prevent physical damage well. It should be installed with pipes buried in the ground or buried directly.
VKF wiress : There are 2 types: a low voltage type that can support a voltage of 300 volts and a high voltage type that can support a voltage of 750 volts. It is a wires with double insulation. It is highly safe and waterproof, making it usable in dry areas. wet and humid areas (but must not be soaked in water regularly exposed to water and exposed to humidity)

2. High voltage wires

It is a large stranded electrical wire. It has bare and insulated wires. Can accept voltage from 1-36 Kilovol (KV). There are 4 types of this type of low voltage wire that people commonly use:

Bare stranded aluminum electrical wires (AAC) : is a that uses aluminum conductors that are stranded in layers. This type of wires can withstand voltages as low as 132 KV, so it cannot be stretched to a pole that is not more than 50 meters apart. except for wires with a thickness of 95 millimeters or more that may be stretched up to 100 meters.
Aluminum Steel Core Wire (ACSR) : is a wire that uses stranded aluminum as the conductor. And there is a steel cable in the middle. Able to withstand voltages higher than 132 KV, resulting in increased tensile strength and increased distance between poles. However, this type of wire may have a slight disadvantage in that it is not resistant to salt vapor corrosion. Therefore, it should not be used in seaside areas.
Space Aerial Cable (SAC) : is a wires Can receive voltage not exceeding 35 KV. with stranded aluminum as the conductor and covered with XLPE insulation and another layer of sheath. to increase durability But even though the shell is covered You should not touch the wires directly either. Because it may cause danger.
Preassembiy Aerial Cable (PAC) : It is a wire with aluminum conductors. It is extremely durable. and can be routed through buildings where people live Or can be placed across the corner of the building.

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